The article considers the period of becoming of transfusiology in the USSR that fell on times of the First World War, the October Revolution, the Civil War and scrambling for power of various political forces. This scramble resulted in victory by forces that did not consider A. A. Bogdanov as an ideological enemy. It allowed him, already withdrew from political activity, to develop and to embody his concept of blood transfusion even in conditions of shortage of resources. The development of theory of A. A. Bogdanov from his early literary works to first experiments with blood transfusion is demonstrated. He carried out these experiments jointly with like-minded persons in conditions of the “underground” and active discussion at the highest state level necessity of establishing special Institute of blood transfusion in the country. Particular biographical information demonstrating ability of man to sacrifice oneself in searching the Truth are presented. The 2023 is the year of one hundred fiftieth birthday and the ninety fifth death anniversary (the death resulted from failed experience on oneself) of A. A. Malinovsky (Bogdanov) — the revolutionary, psychiatrist, politician, philosopher and man of letters.

history of transfusiology, blood transfusion, exchange transfusions, Alexander Malinovsky (Bogdanov), Institute of Blood Transfusion, the USSR.