Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot53210.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-2-306-312Научная статьяThe development and enhancement of general medical practice as major condition of successful modernization of primary health careVolnuhinA. V.volnuhin81@gmail.comSiburinaT. A.-KnyazevA. A.-I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of Minzdrav of RussiaCentral Research Institute of Health Organization and Informatization of Minzdrav of Russia1512202129230631201062021Copyright © 2021,2021The need for changes in the primary health care system in the Russian Federation that is based on the principles of general medical practice is without any question. But, even after more than thirty years, there is no full-fledged reform still. The objective. To assess the state of general medical practice in the Russian Federation to identify its strengths and weaknesses, and to determine further ways of its development. The tasks. To analyze the volume and pace of development of general medical practice; to identify its impact on key demographic, medical and social indices; to assess foreign experience in this field; to elaborate proposals on intensifying process of its development in the Russian Federation. Material and methods. The analytical, sociological (n=1,573) and statistical methods were applied. The results. Since 2007, the number of general practitioners in the Russian Federation and corresponding support of the population increased. During the same time period, population size, natality, mortality, morbidity of tuberculosis, essential hypertension and cataract had positive dynamics. The morbidity of malignant neoplasms, diabetes type II, glaucoma, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases had negative dynamics. The strong negative relationship of the population's general practitioners support was established only in case of all-cause mortality and morbidity of lungs tuberculosis. The population was more satisfied with support of general practitioner than district physician. Discussion. The general practitioner support of the population of the Russian Federation continues to be insufficient and its role in public health management insignificant. The proposals are formulated to improve primary health care and its further development based on the principles of general medical practice on the basis of corresponding best international experiences and national specificity. 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