Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot45110.32687/0869-866X-2020-28-6-1314-1319Научная статьяThe secular variability of physical development of the youth as risk factor of cardiovascular diseasesZiminaS. N.sonishat@yandex.ruNegashevaM. A.-HafizovaA. A.-The M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University151220202861314131906042021Copyright © 2020,2020The article discusses results of complex cross-sectional and anthropometric medical check up in the M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University in 2002-2003 and 2013. The sampling covered 494 students aged 18-23 years. The check up included basic anthropometric measurements and cardiovascular parameters. The pulse pressure and Bayevsky adaptation potential were calculated. Results. The secular trend in body mass increasing was established. So, decade variations was +3.3 kg in young men (p=0.021) and +1.8 kg in girls (p=0.098). The cardiovascular system parameters degraded over ten years: occurrence of bradycardia and tachycardia increased significantly for both genders. In most observed participants in 2002-2003 the sufficient adaptation according Bayevsky was established (75.1% in young men and 71.6% in girls). Over ten years, this proportion decreased to 44.1% in young men (p=0.0000) and to 51.7% in girls (p=0.034). The percentage of adaptation failure cases increased. Conclusions. The analysis of decade dynamics demonstrated deterioration of physical development and somatic health parameters of modern youth. The established trends should be considered in planning health improving programs targeted to early prevention of cardiovascular diseases and development of adaptive capabilities of modern youth.morphologyphysiologyblood pressurephysiological adaptationcardiovascular systembody mass indextime trendyouthMoscowRussiaморфология человекафизиология человекаартериальное давлениеадаптационный потенциалфункциональные показатели сердечно-сосудистой системыиндекс массы теласекулярный трендадаптационные возможностистуденческая молодежь[Bodzsar E. B., Zsakai A., Mascie-Taylor N. Secular growth and maturation changes in Hungary in relation to socioeconomic and demographic changes. J. Biosoc. Sci. 2016;48(2):158-73.][Kryst Ł., Kowal M., Woronkowicz A., Sobiecki J., Cichocka B. A. Secular changes in height, body weight, body mass index and pubertal development in male children and adolescents in Krakow. Poland. J. Biosoc. Sci. 2012;44(4):495-507.][Lehmann A., Floris J., Woitek U., Rühli F. J., Staub K. Temporal trends, regional variation and socio-economic differences in height, BMI and body proportions among German conscripts, 1956-2010. Pub. Health Nutr. 2017;20(3):391-403.][Koebnick C., Mohan Y. D., Li X., Young D. R. Secular Trends of Overweight and Obesity in Young Southern Californians 2008-2013. J. Pediatr. 2015;167(6):1264-71.][Poplawska H., Dmitruk A., Wilczewski A. Changes in body adiposity in girls and boys from the rural areas of East Poland over a time span of 20 years. Ann. Hum. Biol. 2006;33(1):78-89.][Cicek B., Ozturk A., Unalan D., Bayat M. Four-site skinfolds and body fat percentage references in 6-to-17-year old Turkish children and adolescents. J. Pak. Med. Assoc. 2014;64(10):1154-61.][Chimeddamba O., Gearon E., Stevenson C., Liviya Ng. W., Baasai B., Peeters A. Trends in adult overweight and obesity prevalence in Mongolia, 2005-2013. Obes. 2016;24(10):2194-201.][Khadilkar A., Mandlik R., Chiplonkar S., Khadilkar V., Ekbote V., Patwardhan V. Reference centile curves for triceps skinfold thickness for Indian children aged 5 to 17 years and cut offs for predicting risk of childhood hypertension: a multi-centric study. Indian Pediatr. 2015;52(8):675-80.][World Health Organization. Prevention of cardiovascular disease: Guidelines for assessment and management of cardiovascular risk. Geneva: WHO; 2007.][Finucane M. M., Stevens G. A., Cowan M. J., Danaei G., Lin J. K., Paciorek C. J. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: Systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet. 2011;337(9765):557-67.][Linderman G. C., Lu J., Lu Y., Sun X., Xu W., Nasir K. Association of Body Mass Index With Blood Pressure Among 1.7 Million Chinese Adults. JAMA Netw. Open. 2018;1(4):e181271. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.1271][Williams B., Mancia G., Spiering W., Rosei A. E., Azizi M., Burnier M. «2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension». Eur. Heart J. 2018;39(33):3021-104. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339][Blacher J., Staessen J. A., Girerd X., Gasowski J., Thijs L., Liu L. Pulse pressure not mean pressure determines cardiovascular risk in older hypertensive patients. Arch. Intern. Med. 2000;160(8):1085-9. doi: 10.1001/archinte.160.8.1085][Negasheva M. A. A Model of Relationships between Different Systems of Characters and the Adaptation Potential of the Body in Early Adulthood. Hum. Physiol. 2018;44(4):394-401.][Баевский Р. М., Берсенева А. П. Введение в донозологическую диагностику. М.: Слово; 2008.][Negasheva M. A., Mishkova T. A. Morphofunctional parameters and adaptation capabilities of students at the beginning of the third millennium. J. Physiol. Anthropol. Applied Hum. Scie. 2005;24(4):397-402.][Bogin B. Secular changes in childhood, adolescent and adult stature. In: Recent advances in growth research: Nutritional, molecular and endocrine perspectives. Basel: Karger Publishers; 2013. Vol. 71. P. 115-26.][Danubio M. E., Sanna E. Secular changes in human biological variables in Western countries: an updated review and synthesis. J. Anthropol. Sci. 2008;86:91-112.][Fudvoye J., Parent A. S. Secular trends in growth. Ann. d'Endocrinol. 2017;78(2):88-91.][NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. A century of trends in adult human height. Elife. 2016;5:e13410.][Артеменков А. А. Оценка физического развития студентов. Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины. 2012;(3):19-21.][Gohlke B., Woelfle J. Growth and puberty in German children: is there still a positive secular trend? Deutsches Ärzteblatt Int. 2009;106(23):377.][Larnkjær A., Schrøder A. S., Schmidt M. I., Jørgensen H. M., Michaelsen F. K. Secular change in adult stature has come to a halt in northern Europe and Italy. Acta Paediatrica. 2006;95(6):754-5.][Schönbeck Y., Talma H., van Dommelen P., Bakker B., Buitendijk S. E., HiraSing R. A. The world’s tallest nation has stopped growing taller: the height of Dutch children from 1955 to 2009. Pediatr. Res. 2013;73(3):371.][Негашева М. А. Физическое развитие и функциональные показатели сердечно-сосудистой системы как критерии здоровья юношей. Общественное здоровье и профилактика заболеваний. 2004;(6):24-9.][Тимофеева А. В., Климова Т. М., Михайлова А. Е., Захарова Р. Н., Винокурова С. П., Тимофеев Л. Ф. Характеристика соматотипа и функционального состояния системы кровообращения студенческой молодежи северо-востока России. Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины. 2015;23(5):19-22.][Hariri A. A., Oliver N. S., Johnston D. G., Stevenson J. C., Godsland I. F. Adiposity measurements by BMI, skinfolds and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in relation to risk markers for cardiovascular disease and diabetes in adult males. Dis. Markers. 2013;35(6):753-64. doi: 10.1155/2013/763907][Freedman D. S., Katzmarzyk P. T., Dietz W. H., Srinivasan S. R., Berenson G. S. The relation of BMI and skinfold thicknesses to risk factors among young and middle-aged adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Ann. Hum. Biol. 2010;37(6):726-37. doi: 10.3109/03014461003641849][Sheibani H., Esmaeili H., Tayefi M., Saberi-Karimian M., Darroudi S., Mouhebati M. A comparison of body mass index and percent body fat as predictors of cardiovascular risk factors. Diabetes Metab. Syndr. 2019;13(1):570-5. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.012][Ettehad D., Emdin C. A., Kiran A., Anderson S. G., Callender T. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2016;387(10022):957-67. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01225-8][Khosravi-Boroujeni H., Sarrafzadegan N., Sadeghi M., Roohafza H., Talaei M., Ng S. K. Secular Trend of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in a Cohort of Iranian Adults from 2001 to 2013. Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord. 2017;15(3):137-44. doi: 10.1089/met.2016.0073][Prabhakaran D., Roy A., Praveen P. A., Ramakrishnan L., Gupta R., Amarchand R. 20-Year Trend of CVD Risk Factors: Urban and Rural National Capital Region of India. Glob. Heart. 2017;12(3):209-17. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.11.004][Tran B. T., Jeong B. Y., Oh J. K. The prevalence trend of metabolic syndrome and its components and risk factors in Korean adults: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2013. BMC Pub. Health. 2017;17(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3936-6][Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases for 10 Causes, 1990 to 2015. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2017;70(1):1-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.052]