Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медициныПроблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot43710.32687/0869-866X-2020-28-6-1231-1239Научная статьяThe psychological impacts of quarantine on international students’ life satisfaction in Russia during coronavirus COVID-19MehdiAfzali-RyazantsevS. V.riazan@mail.ruAliShakeri-151220202861231123906042021Copyright © 2020, АО "Шико"2020As coronavirus quarantine period is increasing, concerns are growing about its possible impact on international migrants and students. The article discusses the basics of quarantine concept and its impact during COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of study is to develop scale to determine relationship between such factors as financial stability, living condition, educational condition, social life and physiological reactions with psychological stability and life satisfaction of international students in Russia. The focus is done on international students of Russian universities. The questionnaires (n=300) were distributed among target respondents using the convenience random sampling technique. The analysis of survey results established relationship between the factors mentioned above and international students’ psychological stability and life satisfaction. The study results proved that the original scale applied in this study is reliable and valid to assess level of life satisfaction. Therefore, policy makers should resolve related problems, including financial incentives, availability of such products as food and hygiene products through applying proper and sufficient information about the situation. using distance learning technologies, communication tools to insure positive impact on life satisfaction of international students. Moreover, the study results can provide to prospect researchers in the field of life satisfaction and psychological stability reliable and useful information.quarantinecoronavirusCOVID-19psychological stabilitylife satisfactioninternational studentmigrationRussia1.World Health Organization, WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. Available at: https://covid19.who.int/2.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Quarantine and isolation. 2017. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/index.html (accessed Jan 30, 2020).3.Greenberger M. Better Prepare Than React: Reordering Public Health Priorities 100 Years After the Spanish Flu Epidemic. Am. J. Pub. Health. 2018;108(11):1465-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2018.304682 [published Online First: 09/25].4.Sharma S., Sharma M., Singh G. A chaotic and stressed environment for 2019-nCoV suspected, infected and other people in India: fear of mass destruction and causality. Asian J. Psychiatry. 2020;51:102049.5.UNESCO institute for statistics. Available at: http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?queryid=172 ,6.Available at: http://socioprognoz-ru.1gb.ru/files/File/2018/Arefiev_Sbornik_8_001_536_2018_ispr8_15_11_18.pdf7.Xiang Y.-T., Yang Y., Li W., Zhang L., Zhang Q., Cheung T., Ng C. H. Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020. 2020 Mar;7(3):228-9. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8. Epub 2020 Feb 4.8.Brooks S. K., Webster R. K., Smith L. E., Woodland L., Wessely S., Greenberg N., Rubin G. J. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020 Mar 14;395(10227):912-920. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8. Epub 2020 Feb 269.Mei S. L., Yu J. X., He B. W., Li J. Y., 2011. Psychological investigation of university students in a university in Jilin Province. Med. Soc. 2011;24(05):84-6.10.Qiu J., Shen B., Zhao M., et al. A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. BMJ. 2020;33:e100213.11.Filgueiras A., Stults-Kolehmainen M. The Relationship Between Behavioural and Psychosocial Factors Among Brazilians in Quarantine Due to COVID-19 (3/31/2020). Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3566245. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.356624512.Steele LS, Dewa CS, Lin E, et al. Education level, income level and mental health services use in Canada: Associations and policy implications. Healthcare Policy. 2007;3:96.13.Stanley N., Manthorpe J. Responding to students’ mental health needs: Impermeable systems and diverse users. J. Mental Health. 2001;10:41-52. doi: 10.1080/0963823002002360614.Peng L., Zhang J., Li M., Li P., Zhang Y., Zuo X., Miao Y., Xu Y. Negative life events and mental health of Chinese medical students: the effect of resilience, personality and social support. Psychiatry Res. 2012;196(1):138-41.15.Zhai Y, Du X. Mental health care for international Chinese students affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7:e22. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30089-416.Brown S., Gray D. Household finances and well-being in Australia: An empirical analysis of comparison effects. J. Econom. Psychol. 2016;53:17-36.17.McInerney M., Mellor J. M., Nicholas L. H. Recession depression: Mental health effects of the 2008 stock market crash. J. Health Econ. 2013;32(6):1090-104.18.Pinto M. B., Parente D. H., Palmer T. S. College student performance and credit card usage. J. Coll. Stud. Devel. 2001;42:49-58.19.Zimmerman F., Katon W. Socioeconomic status, depression disparities, and financial strain: What lies behind the income-depression relationship? Health Econ. 2005;14(12):1197-215.20.Atkinson A., McKay S., Kempson E. Collard S. Levels of financial capability in the UK: Results from a baseline survey. FSA Consumer Research Paper 47. London: FSA; 2006.21.Lipovetsky G. A felicidade paradoxal: ensaio sobre a sociedade de hiperconsumo. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras; 2007.22.Easterlin R. A. Income and happiness: Towards a unified theory. Econ. J. 2001;111:465-84.23.Comis M. A. C., Pinto D. D. A influência da cognição no Bem-Estar Subjetivo na visão da teoria cognitiva. Psicologando. 2014;6.24.Johnson E., Sherraden M. S. From financial literacy to financial capability among youth. J. Sociol. Soc. Welfare. 2007;34 (3):119-45.25.Wilder-Smith A., Freedman D. O. Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. J. Travel. Med. 2020. doi: 10.1093/jtm/taaa02026.Guidance on social distancing for everyone in the UK [Internet]. GOV.UK. [cited 2020 Mar 22]. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-guidance-on-social-distancing-and-for-vulnerable-people/guidance-on-social-distancing-for-everyone-in-the-uk-and-protecting-older-people-and-vulnerable-adults27.Kmietowicz Z. Rules on isolation rooms for suspected covid-19 cases in GP surgeries to be relaxed. BMJ (Clinical Research ed.). 2020;368:m707.28.WHO/Europe. (2007). Large analysis and review of European housing and health status (LARES). Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/107476/lares_result.pdf? ua=129.Jones-Rounds M. L., Gary W Evans G. W., Matthias Braubach M. The interactive effects of housing and neighbourhood quality on psychological well-being. J. Epidemiol. Community Health. 2014 Feb;68(2):171-5. doi: 10.1136/jech-2013-202431. Epub 2013 Nov 18.30.Cacioppo J. T., Patrick W. Loneliness: Human nature and the need for social connection. New York (NY): Norton; 2008.31.Waytz A., Gray K. Does online technology make us more or less sociable? A preliminary review and call for research. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 2018;13(4):473-91. doi: 10.1177/1745691617746532.Yaribeygi H., Sahraei H. Physiological/Neurophysiological Mechanisms Involved in the Formation of Stress Responses. Neurophysiology. 2018;50:131-9. doi: 10.1007/s11062-018-9727-133.Chrousos G. P. Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2009;5(7):374-81. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2009.10634.De Kloet E. R., Joëls M., Holsboer F. Stress And The Brain: From Adaptation To Disease. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2005;6(6):463-75. doi: 10.1038/nrn168335.Charmandari E., Tsigos C., Chrousos G. Endocrinology of the stress response. Annu Rev. Physiol. 2005;67:259-84. doi: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.040403.12081636.Habib K. E., Gold P. W., Chrousos G. P. Neuroendocrinology of stress. En-docrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 2001;30:695-728.37.Campana B., Brasie P. G., Aguiar A. S., Potente Luquetti Dutra S. C. Obesity and food addiction: Similarities to drug addiction. Obes. Med. 2019 Dec;16:100136.38.Rajon B., Shabnam N., Sabbir P., Md. Moazzem H. Fast food consumption and obesity among urban college going adolescents in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. Obes. Med. 2020 Mar;17:100161.39.Halvorsen I., Heyerdahl S. Girls with anorexia nervosa as young adults: Personality, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. Int. J. Eating Disord. 2006;39:285-93.40.Saloumi C., Plourde H. Differences in psychological correlates of excess weight between adolescents and young adults in Canada. Psychol. Health Med. 2010;15(3):314-25.41.Piko B. F. Satisfaction with life, psychosocial health and materialism among Hungarian youth. J. Health Psychol. 2006;11(6):827-37.42.Choudhury P., Koo W., Li X. Working from Home Under Social Isolation: Online Content Contributions During the Coronavirus Shock. Harvard Business School Technology & Operations Mgt. Unit Working Paper; 2020 (20-096).43.Weeden K., Cornwell B. The small world network of college classes: Implications for epidemic spread on a university campus. Manuscript under review (2020). Available at: http://osf.io/t7n9f44.THE. Flexible admissions could mitigate COVID-19 impact (2020). Available at: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/flexible-admissions-could-mitigate-covid-19-impact (accessed March 8, 2020).45.Zhang X. Thoughts on large-scale long-distance web-based teaching in colleges and universities under novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic: a case of Chengdu University. In: 4th International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2020). Atlantis Press; 2020. P. 1222-5.46.UNESCO, COVID-19 and higher education: Today and tomorrow, impact analysis, policy responses, and recommendations, April, 9, 2020.47.THE. The COVID-19 crisis and international students (2020). Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2020/03/19/higher-ed-institutions-arent-supportinginternational-students-enough (accessed March 19, 2020).48.Gilman R., Huebner E. S. Characteristics of adolescents who report very high life satisfaction. J. Youth Adolesc. 2006;35:311-9.49.Valois R. F., Zullig K. J., Huebner E. S., Drane J. W. Relationship between life satisfaction and violent behaviors among adolescents. Am. J. Health Behav. 2006;25(4):353-66.50.Paschali A., Tsitsas G. Stress and life satisfaction among university students-a pilot study. Ann. Gen. Psychiatry. 2010. Available at: http://www.annals-general-psychiatry.com/content/9/S1/S96 (accessed July 6, 2011).51.Sousa L., Lyubomirsky S. (2001). Life satisfaction. In: J. Worell (ed.). Encyclopedia of women and gender: Sex similarities and differences and the impact of society on gender San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 2001. Vol. 2. P. 667-76.52.Gilman R., Meyers J., Perez L. Structured extracurricular activities among adolescents: Findings and implications for school psychologists. Psychol. Schools. 2004;41:31-41.53.Suldo S. M., Huebner E. S. Does life satisfaction moderate the effects of stressful events on psychopathological behaviour during adolescence? School Psychol. Quart. 2004;19:93-105.54.Sekaran U. Research Methods for Business: A skill Approach. NJ: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.; 2003.55.Foster T. R. The art and science of the advertising slogan. AD Slogans Unlimited; 2001.56.Field D. Reliability analysis. Research Method II, 1. 2006.57.Ryazantsev S. V., Vazirov Z. K., Garibova F. M. «Stranded on the Borders» between Russia and the Homeland: Migrants from Central Asia Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nauchnoe obozrenie. Seriya 1. Jekonomika i parvо [Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law]. 2020;(3):45-58. doi: 10.26653/2076-4650-2020-3-04 (in Russian).