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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1d1" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-866X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2106</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Joint-Stock Company Chicot</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">305</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32687/0869-866X-2020-28-3-423-427</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The social hygienic evaluation of condition of system of maternity and childhood care at the regional level</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Khodakova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><bio></bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dudareva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><bio></bio><email>dudareva_viktoriya@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1">The Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “The Chita State Medical Academy” of Minzdrav of Russia</aff><pub-date date-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>423</fpage><lpage>427</lpage><history><pub-date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-06"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2020,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year></permissions><abstract>The maternal and child welfare system development is the priority target for state social policy. The strategic objectives of health care are targeted to preserving health of mother and child and are implemented through complex activities of various state institutions of maternity and childhood protection system with predominant focus on medical social and economic efficiency. The purpose of study is sociological hygienic evaluation of actual state of maternity and childhood health protection system at the Trans-Baikal Territory. The study used sanitary-statistical, sociological, structural, organizational, expert methods. The estimation of reliability of difference of dependent samples with qualitative indicators was carried out on the basis of the calculation of the non-parametric Cochran test. According to the results of expert assessment, the most significant problem areas in the system of maternity and childhood health protection at the regional level were identified: material and technical equipment of medical organizations, scarce staffing of medical organizations, lack of legal regulation, inadequate organization of medical care of children within the framework of implementation of procedures of provision of medical care, limited availability of medical care, declarative nature of the order of interdepartmental interaction of medical organizations with state social institutions in the system of maternal and child health protection. The established problem areas have negative impact on medical and demographic indicators, coefficients of health of the population in the region and result in decreasing in medical, social and economic efficiency of health care system. The current situation requires adoption of organizational and managerial decisions by executive authorities.</abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>maternity and childhood protection system</kwd><kwd>problem areas</kwd><kwd>resource equipment</kwd><kwd>regulatory support</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>система охраны материнства и детства</kwd><kwd>проблемные зоны</kwd><kwd>ресурсная оснащенность</kwd><kwd>нормативно-правовое обеспечение</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ткаченко А. Демографическая ситуация и национальная экономика России в первом десятилетии XXI века. Власть. 2012;(10):4-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Баранов А. А., Лапин Ю. Е., Яковлева Т. В. Охрана здоровья детей в системе государственной политики. 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