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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1d1" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-866X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2106</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Joint-Stock Company Chicot</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">231</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32687/0869-866X-2019-27-6-1107-1110</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The organization and activities of the Chief Board of State Health Care in Russia (September 1916 - February 1917)</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Egorysheva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><bio></bio><email>egorysheva@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chalova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><bio></bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1">The Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “The N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health”</aff><pub-date date-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1107</fpage><lpage>1110</lpage><history><pub-date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-06"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2019,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year></permissions><abstract>The article is devoted to the history of the organization in Russia of the Main Department of public health management in Russia - the world's first Ministry of Health that was organized resulting the activities of the Commission headed by the academician G. E. Rein. The article considers aspects of opposing to its organization by the democratic medical community which was concerned about bureaucratization of medical and sanitary activities and which disappeared with liquidation of this institution on the eve of the February Revolution. The role of academician G. E. Rein in the organization of the Main Department, as well as the fate of the activities of his Commission in preparing reforms in the field of health is demonstrated.</abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>health care</kwd><kwd>pre-revolutionary Russia</kwd><kwd>Head Department of Public Health</kwd><kwd>G. E. Rein</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>здравоохранение дореволюционной России</kwd><kwd>Главное управление государственного здравоохранения</kwd><kwd>Г. Е. Рейн</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Рейн Г. Е. Из пережитого. 1907-1918. Берлин; 1935-1936. Т. 1-2. С. 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