Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot214010.32687/0869-866X-2023-31-5-1059-1066Научная статьяTHE NONTRIVIAL APPROACH OR HOW PHYSICIANS-BOLSHEVIKS TREATED KINGS. THE SOVIET MEDICINE IN THE ARABIAN PENINSULA IN 1920–1930sBashkuevV. Yu.The Federal State Budget Institution “The Institute of Mongol, Buddhist and Tibetian Studies of the Siberian Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences”, 670047, Ulan-Ude, Russia281020233151059106605082025Copyright © 2023,2023In the late 1920s, the USSR intensified its international activities in the Arabian Peninsula. The rapprochement with Arab monarchies provided opportunity to study political, economic and ethno-cultural characteristics of region by organizing transit of pilgrims to Mecca through the Soviet territory and providing medical care in first-aid posts at diplomatic missions. The Soviet physicians, in atypical situation of Arab monarchies, played important role as intermediaries between royal courts and the Soviet government, serving as agents of “soft power”. The article considers causes of Moscow geopolitical interest to this region in 1920s–1930s. The distinctions of interaction between Soviet physicians and ruling circles of Hijaz and Yemen were explored. The humanitarian, cultural and geopolitical significance of these activities were examined. The article considers and explains, through optics of geopolitical approach, situational rationality that was applied by medical men when approaching treatment of royal personages despite ideological mismatch of this work with Bolshevism dogmas. The article consistently demonstrates, noting non-triviality of both locus itself and approaches to organization of medical care, how professionalism of Soviet physicians gained confidence of monarchs of Hijaz and Yemen in complicated conditions of competition with highly qualified physicians from Western Europe. It is emphasized that in conditions of Arabia, ideological attitudes had secondary importance, while such qualities as personal charisma and medical professionalism, which created solid reputation foundation for Soviet physicians, came to foreground.medicinehajjpilgrimage transitHijazYemenfirst-aid postcholerageopolitics.медицинахаджпаломнический транзитХиджазЙеменмедпунктыхолерагеополитика.1.Певзнер Я. И. Здравоохранение в Монгольской Народной Республике (К двадцатилетию существования республики). Советское здравоохранение. 1942;(1—2):41—8.2.Бойцов Е. В. Двадцать лет здравоохранения в МНР и пути дальнейшего его развития. М.; 1944. 202 с.3.Цагаанхуу Д. (ред.). 55 лет здравоохранения Монгольской Народной Республики. М.: Медицина; 1975. 289 с.4.Ибрагимов М. А., Дэмбэрэл Б. Очерки по истории здравоохранения Монгольской Народной Республики. М.: Медицина; 1977. 264 с.5.Башкуев В. Ю. Российская медицина и монгольский мир: исторический опыт взаимодействия (конец XIX — первая половина XX века). Иркутск: Оттиск; 2016. 436 с.6.Башкуев В. Ю. «Мягкая сила» советской медицины на зарубежном Востоке. 1920-е — 1940-е гг. Хабаровск: Изд-во ДВГМУ; 2021. 502 с.7.Nye J. S. Soft Power. Foreign Policy. 1990;80:153—71.8.Solomon S. G. Foreign Expertise on Russian Terrain: Max Kuczynski on the Kirghiz Steppe, 1923—24. In: Bernstein F. L., Burton C., Healey D. (eds). Soviet Medicine: Culture, Practice, and Science. De Kalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press; 2010. P. 71—91.9.Solomon S. G. Introduction: Germany, Russia, and Medical Cooperation between the Wars. In: Solomon S. G., ed. Doing Medicine Together: Germany and Russia between the Wars. Toronto: University of Toronto Press; 2006. P. 3—34.10.Weindling P. German Overtures to Russia, 1919—19: Between Racial Expansion and National Coexistence. In: Solomon S. G. (ed.). Doing Medicine Together: Germany and Russia between the Wars. Toronto: University of Toronto Press; 2006. P. 35—60.11.Башкуев В. Ю., Ратманов П. Э. Организационные формы советско-монгольского сотрудничества в области медицины и здравоохранения в 1920-х — 1930-х гг. Часть I. Формирование двух подходов. Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины. 2020;28(5):1027—32.12.Говард-Джонс Н. Международные санитарные конвенции, 1851—1938 гг. Научные и исторические аспекты. Женева: Всемирная организация здравоохранения; 1976.13.Kane E. Russian Hajj. Empire and the Pilgrimage to Mecca. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press; 2015. 256 p.14.Галкин В. А. В Йемене. Записки советского врача. М.: Изд-во восточной литературы; 1963. 105 с.15.Галкин В. А. Советские врачи в Йемене. М.: Медицина; 1964. 37 с.16.Суворова К. Н. Два года в Йемене. Записки советского врача. М.: Наука; 1964. 316 с.17.Мымриков П. И. 2 года в Йемене. Дневник врача. Волгоград: Ниж.-Волж. кн. изд-во; 1974. 160 с.18.Гавлин М. Л. Первые советские врачи в Йемене. Советское здравоохранение. 1988;(12):52—5.