Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot210410.32687/0869-866X-2023-31-s2-1087-1091Научная статьяURBAN STRESS OF A MEGALOPOLIS RESIDENT: STRESS FACTORS AND CORRECTIONAksenovaE. I.KamyninaN. N.TurzinP. S.Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management, 115088, Moscow, RussiaPeoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, 117198, Moscow, Russia0212202331\S21087109105082025Copyright © 1970,1970Residents of a megalopolis are constantly exposed to urban stress — the combined effects of a number of different extreme factors and living conditions of the urban environment. Urban stress of a megalopolis resident has an extreme complex multifactorial effect on his body and psyche. The features of the existing subspecies of urban stress (ecological, psychological, social, informational, professional, related to the pandemic), as well as the main stress factors causing them, are considered. The medical and social features of urban stress are described. The consequences of exposure to urban stress, directly related to human health disorders, include the so-called «urban stress diseases» or «diseases of civilization», primarily psychosomatic diseases. It is determined that urban stress is a multifactorial complex of stress factors affecting the physical and mental health of megalopolis residents. Due to the fact that an increasing number of megalopolis residents are experiencing the negative impact of an aggressive urban environment, it is necessary both to formalize stress factors in order to possibly correct them to improve the quality of life of citizens, and to develop appropriate optimizing medical and social recommendations. Modern organizational and medical and social measures aimed at reducing the negative impact of urban stress on the health of megalopolis residents are considered. It is proposed to minimize the negative impact of extreme urban stress factors on the physical and mental health of megalopolis residents by using therapeutic and preventive strategies to increase their stress resistance. There are a number of different organizations and departments in Moscow that provide psychological and psychotherapeutic support. Also, in order to determine the level of the bodys reserves and stress resistance, it is possible to undergo a comprehensive examination both in the nearest polyclinic and in the nearest park within the framework of the Healthy Moscow program.stressdisordersbodyphysical and mental healthmegapolisстрессрасстройстваорганизмфизическое и ментальное здоровьемегаполис1.Агаджанян Н. А., Желтиков А. А. Экопортрет и здоровье жителей России. Тула; 2000. 309 с.2.Семенова Т. В. Городская ментальность. М.; 2008. 354 с.3.Анисимов Н. В., Ивашечкина Е. А. Стресс-факторы в социокультурном пространстве современного мегаполиса // Молодой ученый. 2015. №11. С. 1840—1842.4.Патрина А. А. Стрессовые факторы городской среды мегаполиса // Аллея науки. 2018. №10. С. 62—68.5.Воробьева И. В., Кружкова О. В. Стресс-факторы городской среды: восприятие молодежи // Герценовские чтения: психологические исследования в образовании. 2020. №3. С. 807—813.6.Adli M., Schöndorf J. Does the city make us ill? The effect of urban stress on emotions, behavior, and mental health // Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2020. Bd. 63, N 8. S. 979—986. DOI: 10.1007/s00103-020-03185-w7.Franz C. E., Gustavson D. E., Elman J. A. et al. Associations between ambient air pollution and cognitive abilities from midlife to early old age: modification by APOE genotype // J. Alzheimer's Dis. 2023. Vol. 93, N 1. P. 193—209.8.Мазда А. Стресс в большом городе. М.; 2019. 391 с.9.Бодров В. А., Обознов А. А., Турзин П. С. Информационный стресс в операторской деятельности // Психологический журнал. 1998. №5. С. 38—54.10.Vasiļjeva D., Nübold A., Hülsheger U. R. et al. Daily work stressors and unhealthy snacking: the moderating role of trait mindfulness // Occup. Health Sci. 2023;7:603—630 (2023). DOI: 10.1007/s41542-023-00146-y11.Акарачкова Е. С., Байдаулетова А. И., Беляев А. А. и др. Стресс: причины и последствия, лечение и профилактика: Клинические рекомендации. СПб.; М.; 2020. 138 с.12.Ушаков И. Б., Арутюнов А. Т., Турзин П. С. От стресса, тревоги и депрессии — к качеству жизни. М.; 2009. 126 с.13.Hedblom M., Gunnarsson B., Schaefer M. et al. Sounds of nature in the city: no evidence of bird song improving stress recovery // Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2019. Vol. 16, N 8. P. 1390. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph1608139014.Vujcic M., Tomicevic-Dubljevic J., Grbic M. et al. Nature based solution for improving mental health and well-being in urban areas // Environ Res. 2017. Vol. 158. P. 385—392. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.030.