<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1d1" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-866X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2106</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Joint-Stock Company Chicot</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1835</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32687/0869-866X-2023-31-3-368-378</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ: ВЫЗОВЫ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаков</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><email></email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменских</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><email></email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><email></email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><email></email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1">ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, 634050, г. Томск</aff><pub-date date-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2023-06-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>368</fpage><lpage>378</lpage><history><pub-date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-03"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2023, АО "Шико"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year></permissions><abstract>Эпидемиология — это динамично развивающаяcя медицинская наука, находящаяся на пересечении социальных, биологических областей знания и биоинформатики. Новые источники данных, новые методы создают уникальные возможности для современного эпидемиолога. Увеличивается количество эпидемиологических исследований на стыке нескольких смежных дисциплин, что требует гармоничного взаимодействия специалистов разных отраслей медицинского знания. Изменение структуры глобальной смертности в сторону хронических неинфекционных заболеваний существенно повлияло на вектор эпидемиологических исследований. Множество интервенционных эпидемиологических проектов направлены на оценку эффективности новых методов профилактики сердечно-сосудистых, метаболических и онкологических заболеваний. Однако в последние годы приобретает новое значение борьба с забытыми инфекциями, поражающими около 1 млрд и уносящими жизни 0,5 млн человек ежегодно. Текущая пандемия COVID-19 также повлияла на эпидемиологию инфекционных и хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. Большое внимание также уделяется влиянию социальных, экономических факторов и факторов окружающей среды на здоровье человека. Увеличение средней продолжительности жизни населения способствует развитию эпидемиологии пожилого возраста. Инициируются новые проекты в области фармакоэпидемиологии, направленной на изучение эффективности лекарственных средств. Выполнен обзор материалов отечественных и зарубежных литературных источников, описывающих современные тенденции и достижения в сфере эпидемиологии, с использованием поисковых систем PubMed, Google Scholar, CyberLeninka. Проанализированы актуальные направления эпидемиологических исследований, выделены вызовы и перспективы развития современной эпидемиологии.</abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>epidemiological studies</kwd><kwd>chronic non-communicable diseases</kwd><kwd>infectious diseases</kwd><kwd>bio-informatics</kwd><kwd>publications review.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологические исследования</kwd><kwd>хронические неинфекционные заболевания</kwd><kwd>инфекционные заболевания</kwd><kwd>биоинформатика</kwd><kwd>обзор литературы.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ротарь О. П. Эпидемиология: вчера, сегодня, завтра (краткий экскурс в историю эпидемиологии и обзор наиболее актуальных проблем). Артериальная гипертензия. 2015;21(3):224—30. doi: 10.18705/1607-419X-2015-21-3-224-230</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Omran A. R. The Epidemiologic Transition: A Theory of the Epidemiology of Population Change. Milbank Q. 2005;83(4):731—57. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0009.2005.00398.x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Бойцов С. А. Актуальные направления и новые данные в эпидемиологии и профилактике неинфекционных заболеваний. Терапевтический архив. 2016;88(1):4—10. doi: 10.17116/terarkh20168814-10</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Santosa A., Wall S., Fottrell E., Högberg U., Byass P. The development and experience of epidemiological transition theory over four decades: a systematic review. Glob. Health Action. 2014 May 15;7:23574. doi: 10.3402/gha.v7.23574</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Firestone R., Cheng S., Pearce N., Douwes J., Merletti F., Pizzi C., et al. Internet-Based Birth-Cohort Studies: Is This the Future for Epidemiology? JMIR Res. Protocols. 2015;4(2):e3873. doi: 10.2196/resprot.3873</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Christensen T., Riis A. H., Hatch E. E., Wise L. A., Nielsen M. G., Rothman K. J., et al. Costs and Efficiency of Online and Offline Recruitment Methods: A Web-Based Cohort Study. J. Med. Internet Res. 2017;19(3):e6716. doi: 10.2196/jmir.6716</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Nye R. T., Hill D. L., Carroll K. W., Boyden J. Y., Katcoff H., Griffis H., et al. The Design of a Data Management System for a Multicenter Palliative Care Cohort Study. J. Pain Symptom Manage. 2022;64(1):e53—e60. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.03.007</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Griffin A. C., Topaloglu U., Davis S., Chung A. E. From Patient Engagement to Precision Oncology: Leveraging Informatics to Advance Cancer Care. Yearb Med. Inform. 2020;29(1):235—42. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1701983</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Health eHeart Study. Режим доступа: https://www.health-eheartstudy.org/?locale=en (дата обращения 17.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Avram R., Tison G. H., Aschbacher K., Kuhar P., Vittinghoff E., Butzner M., et al. Real-world heart rate norms in the Health eHeart study. NPJ Digit. Med. 2019;2:58. doi: 10.1038/s41746-019-0134-9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Heise J. K., Dey R., Emmerich M., Kemmling Y., Sistig S., Krause G., et al. Putting digital epidemiology into practice: PIA-Prospective Monitoring and Management Application. Inform. Med. Unlocked. 2022;30:100931. doi: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.100931</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Balleier C., Floßdorf E., Hochbruck M., Kiefer F. Der Kodex “Leitlinien zur Sicherung guter wissenschaftlicher Praxis” der DFG. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung. 2021;29(4):239—42. doi: 10.1515/dmvm-2021-0085</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Overhage J. M., Ryan P. B., Reich C. G., Hartzema A. G., Stang P. E. Validation of a common data model for active safety surveillance research. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 2012;19(1):54—60. doi: 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000376</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Hripcsak G., Duke J. D., Shah N. H., et al. Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI): Opportunities for Observational Researchers. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 2015;216:574—8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Informatics Observational Health Data Sciences and. Chapter 1 The OHDSI Community. The Book of OHDSI. Режим доступа: https://ohdsi.github.io/TheBookOfOhdsi/ (дата обращения 15.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Kuller L. H. Epidemiologists of the Future: Data Collectors or Scientists? Am. J. Epidemiol. 2019;188(5):890—5. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwy221</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Dammann O., Gray P., Gressens P., Wolkenhauer O., Leviton A. Systems Epidemiology: What’s in a Name? Online J. Pub. Health Inform. 2014;6(3):e198. doi: 10.5210/ojphi.v6i3.5571</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Wolfson J., Stovitz S. D., Blair S. N., Sui X., Duck-chul L., Shrier I. Decomposing the effects of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on mortality. Glob. Epidemiol. 2019;1:100009. doi: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2019.100009</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Lagström H., Stenholm S., Akbaraly T., Pentti J., Vahtera J., Kivimäki M., et al. Diet quality as a predictor of cardiometabolic disease–free life expectancy: the Whitehall II cohort study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2020;111(4):787—94. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz329</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Suchard M. A., Schuemie M. J., Krumholz H. M., You S. C., Chen R., Pratt N., et al. Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line antihypertensive drug classes. Lancet. 2019;394(10211):1816—26. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32317—7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Park J., Choi J., Choi J. Y. Network Analysis in Systems Epidemiology. J. Prev. Med. Public Health. 2021;54(4):259—564. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.21.190</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Saracci R. Epidemiology in wonderland: Big Data and precision medicine. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 2018;33(3):245—57. doi: 10.1007/s10654-018-0385-9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Yang A., Troup M., Ho J. W. K. Scalability and Validation of Big Data Bioinformatics Software. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J. 2017;15:379—86. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2017.07.002</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Samet J. M., Woodward A. On Being an Epidemiologist. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2019;188(5):818—24. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwy279</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Shah R., Pico A. R., Freedman J. E. Translational Epidemiology: Entering a Brave New World of Team Science. Circ. Res. 2016;119(10):1060—2. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.309881</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Климонтов В. В., Бериков В. Б., Сайк О. В. Искусственный интеллект в диабетологии. Сахарный диабет. 2021;24(2):156—66. doi: 10.14341/DM12665</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Oster A. M., France A. M., Mermin J. Molecular Epidemiology and the Transformation of HIV Prevention. JAMA. 2018;319(16):1657—8. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.1513</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Bensyl D. M., King M. E., Greiner A. Applied Epidemiology Training Needs for the Modern Epidemiologist. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2019;188(5):830—5. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwz052</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Thacker S. B., Dannenberg A. L., Hamilton D. H. Epidemic Intelligence Service of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 50 Years of Training and Service in Applied Epidemiology. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001;154(11):985—92. doi: 10.1093/aje/154.11.985</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Mukanga D., Namusisi O., Gitta S. N., Pariyo G., Tshimanga M., Weaver A., et al. Field Epidemiology Training Programmes in Africa — Where are the Graduates? Hum. Res. Health. 2010;8(1):18. doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-8-18</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Магистерская программа — 32.04.01. «Общественное здравоохранение» профиль «Эпидемиология». Режим доступа: https://www.sechenov.ru/univers/structure/institute/mpf/podrazdeleniya-mpf/kafedry/kafedra-epidemiologii-i-dokazatelnoy-meditsiny-mediko-profilakticheskogo-fakulteta/lorp/ (дата обращения 31.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Меньшикова Е. В Университете ИТМО запускается первый в России англоязычный магистерский трек Public Health Sciences. Режим доступа: https://news.itmo.ru/ru/education/students/news/10277/ (дата обращения 31.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Gardy J. L., Loman N. J. Towards a genomics-informed, real-time, global pathogen surveillance system. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2018;19(1):9—20. doi: 10.1038/nrg.2017.88</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Holmes E. C., Rambaut A., Andersen K. G. Pandemics: spend on surveillance, not prediction. Nature. 2018;558(7709):180—2. doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05373-w</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Metcalf C. J. E., Farrar J., Cutts F. T., Basta N. E., Graham A. L., Lessler J., et al. Use of serological surveys to generate key insights into the changing global landscape of infectious disease. Lancet. 2016;388(10045):728—30. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30164—7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Crozier I. Mapping a Filoviral Serologic Footprint in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Who Goes There? J. Infect. Dis. 2018;217(4):513—5. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix620</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Wikan N., Smith D. R. Zika virus: history of a newly emerging arbovirus. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2016;16(7):e119—e126. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30010-X</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Katzelnick L. C., Gresh L., Halloran M. E., Mercado J. C., Kuan G., Gordon A., et al. Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans. Science. 2017;358(6365):929—32. doi: 10.1126/science.aan6836</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Cobey S., Hensley S. E. Immune history and influenza virus susceptibility. Curr. Opin. Virol. 2017;22:105—11. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.12.004</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Talking about the Ebola Outbreak with BU Experts on the Disease. Boston University. Режим доступа: https://www.bu.edu/articles/2019/ebola/ (дата обращения 18.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Paez-Espino D., Eloe-Fadrosh E. A., Pavlopoulos G. A., Thomas A. D., Huntemann M., Mikhailova N., et al. Uncovering Earth’s virome. Nature. 2016;536(7617):425—30. doi: 10.1038/nature19094</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Carroll D., Daszak P., Wolfe N. D., Gao G. F., Morel C. M., Morzaria S., et al. The Global Virome Project. Science. 2018;359(6378):872—4. doi: 10.1126/science.aap7463</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Lynch S. V., Pedersen O. The Human Intestinal Microbiome in Health and Disease. Phimister E. G., ed. N. Engl. J. Med. 2016;375(24):2369—79. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1600266</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Dupont H. L., Jiang Z. D., Dupont A. W., Utay N. S. The intestinal microbiome in human health and disease. Trans. Am. Clin. Climatol. Assoc. 2020;131:178—97.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>The genital tract and rectal microbiomes: their role in HIV susceptibility and prevention in women. PubMed. Режим доступа: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31144462/ (дата обращения 15.06.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Ippolito M. M., Denny J. E., Langelier C., Sears C. L., Schmidt N. W. Malaria and the Microbiome: A Systematic Review. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2018;67(12):1831—9. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy374</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Comberiati P., Cicco M. D., Paravati F., Sears C. L., Schmidt N. W. The Role of Gut and Lung Microbiota in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021;18(22):12220. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182212220</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Waldman A. J., Balskus E. P. The Human Microbiota, Infectious Disease, and Global Health: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS Infect. Dis. 2018;4(1):14—26. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00232</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Libertucci J., Young V. B. The role of the microbiota in infectious diseases. Nat. Microbiol. 2019;4(1):35—45. doi: 10.1038/s41564-018-0278-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><mixed-citation>Брико Н. И. Парадигма современной эпидемиологии. Эпидемиология и вакцинопрофилактика. 2013;(6(73)):4—10.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><mixed-citation>Tacconelli E., Carrara E., Savoldi A., Harbarth S., Mendelson M., Monnet D., et al. Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2018;18(3):318—27. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30753-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B52"><label>52.</label><mixed-citation>Ma Z., Lee S., Jeong K. C. Mitigating Antibiotic Resistance at the Livestock-Environment Interface: A Review. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2019;29:1683—92. doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1909.09030</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B53"><label>53.</label><mixed-citation>Lewnard J. A., Reingold A. L. Emerging Challenges and Opportunities in Infectious Disease Epidemiology. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2019;188(5):873—82. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwy264</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B54"><label>54.</label><mixed-citation>Petousis-Harris H., Paynter J., Morgan J., Saxton P., McArdle B., Goodyear-Smith F., et al. Effectiveness of a group B outer membrane vesicle meningococcal vaccine against gonorrhoea in New Zealand: a retrospective case-control study. Lancet (London, England). 2017;390(10102:1603—10. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31449-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B55"><label>55.</label><mixed-citation>Jackson M. L., Chung J. R., Jackson L. A., Phillips C. H., Benoit J., Monto A. S., et al. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the United States during the 2015—2016 Season. N. Engl. J. Med. 2017;377(6):534—43. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1700153</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B56"><label>56.</label><mixed-citation>Vandenbroucke J. P., Pearce N. Test-Negative Designs: Differences and Commonalities with Other Case–Control Studies with “Other Patient” Controls. Epidemiology. 2019;30(6):838—44. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001088</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B57"><label>57.</label><mixed-citation>Fukushima W., Hirota Y. Basic principles of test-negative design in evaluating influenza vaccine effectiveness. Vaccine. 2017;35(36):4796—800. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.003</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B58"><label>58.</label><mixed-citation>McArthur D. B. Emerging Infectious Diseases. Nurs. Clin. N. Am. 2019;54(2):297. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2019.02.006</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B59"><label>59.</label><mixed-citation>The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific. To end the neglect of neglected tropical diseases. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2022;18:100388. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100388</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B60"><label>60.</label><mixed-citation>Neglected tropical diseases. Режим доступа: https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/neglected-tropical-diseases (дата обращения 18.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B61"><label>61.</label><mixed-citation>World Health Organization. Disease burden and mortality estimates. Режим доступа: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates (дата обращения 19.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B62"><label>62.</label><mixed-citation>Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly. Режим доступа: https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66-REC1/WHA66_2013_REC1_complete.pdf (дата обращения 19.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B63"><label>63.</label><mixed-citation>Bennett J. E., Stevens G. A., Mathers C. D., Bonita R., Rehm J., Kruk M. E., et al. NCD Countdown 2030: worldwide trends in non-communicable disease mortality and progress towards Sustainable Development Goal target 3.4. Lancet. 2018;392(10152):1072—88. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31992-5</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B64"><label>64.</label><mixed-citation>Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs 2013–2020. Режим доступа: https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789241506236 (дата обращения 27.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B65"><label>65.</label><mixed-citation>Noncommunicable diseases: Mortality. Режим доступа: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/sdg-target-3_4-non-communicable-diseases-and-mental-health (дата обращения 27.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B66"><label>66.</label><mixed-citation>Goal 3. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Режим доступа: https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal3 (дата обращения 27.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B67"><label>67.</label><mixed-citation>Об утверждении Стратегии формирования здорового образа жизни населения, профилактики и контроля неинфекционных заболеваний на период до 2025 года от 15 января 2020. Режим доступа: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/564215449 (дата обращения 21.04.2022)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B68"><label>68.</label><mixed-citation>Концевая А. В., Мырзаматова А. О., Муканеева Д. К., Сапунова И. Д., Баланова Ю. А., Худяков М. Б. Экономический ущерб от основных хронических неинфекционных заболеваний в Российской Федерации в 2016 году. Профилактическая медицина. 2019;22(6). doi: 10.17116//profmed20192206118</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B69"><label>69.</label><mixed-citation>Камынина Н. Н., Мыльникова Л. А. Факторы риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний: аналитическое исследование результатов диспансеризации в городе Москве. Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины. 2020;28(S2):1215—21. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2020-28-s2-1215-1221</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B70"><label>70.</label><mixed-citation>Баланова Ю. А., Шальнова С. А., Деев А. Д., Имаева А. Э., Концевая А. В., Муромцева Г. А. и др. Ожирение в российской популяции — распространенность и ассоциации с факторами риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2018;(6):123—30. doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2018-6-123-130</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B71"><label>71.</label><mixed-citation>Жернакова Ю. В., Железнова Е. А., Чазова И. Е., Ощепкова Е. В., Долгушева Ю. А., Яровая Е. Б. Распространенность абдоминального ожирения в субъектах Российской Федерации и его связь с социально-экономическим статусом, результаты эпидемиологического исследования ЭССЕ-РФ. Терапевтический архив. 2018;90(10):14—22. doi: 10.26442/terarkh2018901014-22</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B72"><label>72.</label><mixed-citation>Jaacks L. M., Vandevijvere S., Pan A., McGowan C. J., Wallace C., Imamura F., et al. The Obesity Transition: Stages of the global epidemic. Lancet Diabet. Endocrinol. 2019;7(3):231—40. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30026-9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B73"><label>73.</label><mixed-citation>Ожирение и избыточный вес. Режим доступа: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight (дата обращения 23.03.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B74"><label>74.</label><mixed-citation>Endalifer M. L., Diress G. Epidemiology, Predisposing Factors, Biomarkers, and Prevention Mechanism of Obesity: A Systematic Review. J. Obes. 2020;2020:6134362. doi: 10.1155/2020/6134362</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B75"><label>75.</label><mixed-citation>Armenta-Guirado B., Martínez-Contreras T., Candia-Plata M. C., Esparza-Romero J., Martínez-Mir R., Haby M. M., et al. Effectiveness of the Diabetes Prevention Program for Obesity Treatment in Real World Clinical Practice in a Middle-Income Country in Latin America. Nutrients. 2019;11(10):2324. doi: 10.3390/nu11102324</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B76"><label>76.</label><mixed-citation>Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration; Kocarnik J. M., Compton K., Dean F. E., Fu W., Gaw B. L., Harvey J. D., Henrikson H. J., Force L. M, et al. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. JAMA Oncol. 2022;8(3):420—44. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B77"><label>77.</label><mixed-citation>Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Режим доступа: https://gco.iarc.fr/today (дата обращения 27.05.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B78"><label>78.</label><mixed-citation>Montagnana M., Lippi G. Cancer diagnostics: current concepts and future perspectives. Ann. Transl. Med. 2017;5(13):268. doi: 10.21037/atm.2017.06.20</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B79"><label>79.</label><mixed-citation>Кобякова О. С., Куликов Е. С., Деев И. А., Альмикеева А. А., Пименов И. Д., Старовойтова Е. А. Распространенность факторов риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний среди медицинских работников. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2018;17(3):96—104. doi: 10.15829/1728-8800-2018-3-96-104</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B80"><label>80.</label><mixed-citation>Epidemiological Changes under the COVID-19 Pandemic: Burden of Diseases and Health Care Outcomes. Frontiers Research Topic. Режим доступа: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/19606/epidemiological-changes-under-the-covid-19-pandemic-burden-of-diseases-and-health-care-outcomes#overview (дата обращения 17.04.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B81"><label>81.</label><mixed-citation>Teoh S. E., Masuda Y., Tan D. J. H., Liu N., Morrison L. J, Ong M. E. H., et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann. Intensive Care. 2021;11(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s13613-021-00957-8</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B82"><label>82.</label><mixed-citation>Aburto J. M., Schöley J., Kashnitsky I., Zhang L., Rahal C., Missov T. I., et al. Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life-expectancy losses: a population-level study of 29 countries. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2022;51(1):63—74. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab207</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B83"><label>83.</label><mixed-citation>Tanislav C., Kostev K. Investigation of the prevalence of non-COVID-19 infectious diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health. 2022;203:53—7. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.12.003</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B84"><label>84.</label><mixed-citation>Chang A. Y., Cullen M. R., Harrington R. A., Barry M. The impact of novel coronavirus COVID‐19 on noncommunicable disease patients and health systems: a review. J. Intern. Med. 2021 Apr;289(4):450—62. Epub 2020 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/joim.13184</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B85"><label>85.</label><mixed-citation>McGurnaghan S. J., Weir A., Bishop J., et al. Risks of and risk factors for COVID-19 disease in people with diabetes: a cohort study of the total population of Scotland. Lancet Diabet. Endocrinol. 2021;9(2):82—93. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30405-8</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B86"><label>86.</label><mixed-citation>Strambo D., De Marchis G. M., Bonati L. H., Arnold M., et al. Ischemic stroke in COVID-19 patients: Mechanisms, treatment, and outcomes in a consecutive Swiss Stroke Registry analysis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2022;29(3):732—43. doi: 10.1111/ene.15199</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B87"><label>87.</label><mixed-citation>Wu Z., McGoogan J. M. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72­314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020;323(13):1239—42. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B88"><label>88.</label><mixed-citation>Gasmi A., Peana M., Pivina L., et al. Interrelations between COVID-19 and other disorders. Clin. Immunol. 2021;224:108651. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108651</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B89"><label>89.</label><mixed-citation>Pranata R., Henrina J., Raffaello W. M., Lawrensia S., Huang I. Diabetes and COVID-19: The past, the present, and the future. Metabolism. 2021;121:154814. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154814</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B90"><label>90.</label><mixed-citation>Cariou B., Hadjadj S., Wargny M., Pichelin M., Al-Salameh A., Allix I., et al. Phenotypic characteristics and prognosis of inpatients with COVID-19 and diabetes: the CORONADO study. Diabetologia. 2020;63(8):1500—15. doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05180-x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B91"><label>91.</label><mixed-citation>World Health Organization — COVID-19 significantly impacts health services for noncommunicable diseases. Режим доступа: https://www.who.int/news/item/01-06-2020-covid-19-significantly-impacts-health-services-for-noncommunicable-diseases (дата обращения 17.04.2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B92"><label>92.</label><mixed-citation>COVID-19 Mental Disorders Collaborators. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2021;398(10312):1700—12. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B93"><label>93.</label><mixed-citation>Dubé J. P., Smith M. M., Sherry S. B., Hewitt P. L., Stewart S. H. Suicide behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of 54 studies. Psychiatry Res. 2021;301:113998. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113998</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B94"><label>94.</label><mixed-citation>Soleimanpour S., Yaghoubi A. COVID-19 vaccine: where are we now and where should we go? Expert Rev. Vaccines. 2021;20(1):23—44. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1875824</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B95"><label>95.</label><mixed-citation>Pietzner M., Stewart I. D., Raffler J., Khaw K.-T., Michelotti G. A., Kastenmüller G., et al. Plasma metabolites to profile pathways in noncommunicable disease multimorbidity. Nat. Med. 2021;27(3):471—9. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01266-0</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B96"><label>96.</label><mixed-citation>Young V. B. The role of the microbiome in human health and disease: an introduction for clinicians. BMJ. 2017;356:j831. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j831</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
