Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot178310.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s2-1112-1117Научная статьяSOURCES AND CONSEQUENCES OF HIGH SALT CONSUMPTION IN MOSCOW: A STUDY OF DIETARY HABITSDragunovD. O.SokolovaA. V.EgorovaV. V.BrumbergA. A.ArutyunovG. P.Research Institute of Health Care Organization and Medical Management of the Moscow Health Care Department, 115088, Moscow, RussiaN. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117513, Moscow, Russia08112024321112111702072025Copyright © 1970,1970The aim of this study was to examine the level of salt consumption among various population groups in Moscow. The study was conducted using the 24-hour dietary recall method (24hDR) and the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) over the course of one year. The results showed that 49.6% of Muscovites have excessive salt consumption, with this phenomenon being more prevalent among men (60.3%) compared to women (41.9%). Data analysis revealed significant consumption of high-salt foods and dishes, highlighting the need for monitoring and adjusting salt intake in the diet to prevent hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.salt intakesodium intakeMoscow populationrisk of cardiovascular diseasesdietary habitsprevention of hypertensionпотребление солипотребление натриянаселение Москвыриск сердечно-сосудистовых заболеванийдиетические привычкипрофилактика гипертонии[Alderman M. H. Salt, blood pressure, and human health // Hypertension. 2000. Vol. 36, N 5. P. 890—893. DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.36.5.890][He J., Gu D., Chen J. et al. Gender difference in blood pressure responses to dietary sodium intervention in the GenSalt study // J. Hypertens. 2009. Vol. 27, N 1. P. 48—54. DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e328317b660][Moore T. J., Conlin P. R., Ard J. et al. DASH diet is effective treatment for stage 1 isolated systolic hypertension // Hypertension. 2001. Vol. 38, N 2. P. 155—158. DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.38.2.155][Волков В., Поселюгина О. Б., Нилова С. и др. Уровень артериального давления и потребление поваренной соли у больных артериальной гипертонией // Артериальная гипертензия. 2011. Т. 17, №1. С. 69—73.][Скурихин И. М., Тутельян В. А., ред. Химический состав российских пищевых продуктов. М.; 2002.][Скурихин И. М., Волгарев М. Н., ред. Химический состав пищевых продуктов: справочные таблицы содержания основных пищевых веществ и энергетической ценности пищевых продуктов. Книга 1. М.; 1987.][Буланов Ю. Б. Химический состав продуктов: пищевая ценность. Тверь; 2003.][Черевко А. И., Михайлова В. М., Новикова Е. В., ред. Энциклопедия питания. Нутриенты пищевых продуктов. М.; 2024. Т. 2.][Mason B., Ross L., Gill E. et al. Development and validation of a dietary screening tool for high sodium consumption in Australian renal patients // J. Ren. Nutr. 2014. Vol. 24, N 2. P. 123—134.e343. DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2013.11.009][Nowson C., Lim K., Land M.-A. et al. Salt intake and dietary sources of salt on weekdays and weekend days in Australian adults // Public Health Nutr. 2018. Vol. 21, N 12. P. 2174—2182. DOI: 10.1017/S1368980018000887][Cade J., Thompson R., Burley V. et al. Development, validation and utilisation of food-frequency questionnaires: a review // Public Health Nutr. 2002. Vol. 5, N 4. P. 567—587. DOI: 10.1079/phn2001318][Карамнова Н. С., Калинина А. М., Измайлова О. В. и др. Атлас порций пищевых продуктов и блюд. М.; 2018.][Mozaffarian D., Fahimi S., Singh G. M. et al. Global sodium consumption and death from cardiovascular causes // N. Engl. J. Med. 2014. Vol. 371, N 7. P. 624—634. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1304127][Stamler J., Elliott P., Dennis B. et al. INTERMAP: background, aims, design, methods, and descriptive statistics (nondietary) // J. Hum. Hypertens. 2003. Vol. 17, N 9. P. 591—608. DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001603][Stamler J. The INTERSALT Study: background, methods, findings, and implications // Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1997. Vol. 65, N 2, Suppl. P. 626S—642S.][Orlando E. A., Rebellato A. P., Silva J. G.S. et al. Sodium in different processed and packaged foods: method validation and an estimative on the consumption // Food Res. Int. 2020. Vol. 129. P. 108836. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108836][Afshin A., Sur P. J., Fay K. A. et al. Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990—2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 // Lancet. 2019. Vol. 393, N 10184. P. 1958—1972. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30041-8]