Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot155710.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-6-1227-1233НеопределенThe analysis of medical demographic indicators of rural populationKalininskayaA Aakalininskya@yandex.ruLazarevAndrey Vladimirovichandrey.v.lazarev@gmail.comSmirnovAlexey Aleksandrovichalexsm-v@ya.ruShlyaferSofia Isaakovnacofya@mail.ruN. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 105064, Moscow, RussiaThe Federal State Budget Institution The Central Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Minzdrav of Russia, 127254, Moscow, Russia091220243262704202527042025Copyright © 2025,2025<p>The number of permanent average annual rural population in the Russian Federation is declining and over 20132022 decreased from 37.2 to 36.9 million people. The mortality rates for rural population x were higher than for urban population over past decades. The natality of rural population that had growing trend began to decline since 2013 and in 2022 indices made up to 8.8 in for the rural population and 8.9 in urban population. The general and newly registered morbidity of rural population was lower than of urban population. In 2022, general morbidity of rural population consisted 129761.800, of urban population 187593.800, primary morbidity consisted 64755.2 and 96963.800 respectively. The analysis of total morbidity of rural population in dynamics from pre-COVID year (2019) and in subsequent years of pandemic demonstrated its abrupt decline in 2020. In 20212022, total morbidity increased slightly up to 124,808.5 and 129761.800 respectively. The increase occurred mainly in classes of respiratory diseases by 11% and of circulatory disease class by 3.2%. The increasing of COVID-19 morbidity was noted and indicators consisted 2151.9 in 2020, 6050.4 in 2021 and 144.200 in 2022. The ranking of indicators of newly detected morbidity in rural population by Subjects of the Russian Federation demonstrated in 2022 difference up to 13.6 times. The provision of rural population with physicians in medical organizations located in rural areas consisted 13.20. In the Subjects of the Russian Federation difference in indicators is great i.e. 54 times. The results of the study testify necessity of monitoring and in-depth analysis of health indicators of rural population and determining factors. The modernization of rural health care has to begin with increasing of accessibility of primary health care of rural residents. The reforms require increasing of potentials of financial, material, technical and human resources at regional and municipal levels.</p>rural health carerural populationmortalitygeneral morbidityprimary morbidityphysicianSubject of the Russian Federationздравоохранение селасельское населениесмертностьзаболеваемость общаяпервичнаяврачисубъекты РФ1.Khabriev R. U., Mingazova E. N., Zhelezova P. V., Gureev S. A. Analysis of population morbidity rates at the regional level. Problems of Social Hygiene, Healthcare and History of Medicine. 2020;28(4):512–7 (in Russian).2.Khabriev R. U., Shchepin O. P., Mirgorodskaya O. V. Comprehensive assessment of target health indicators of the population of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. Problems of Social Hygiene, Healthcare and History of Medicine. 2020;28(3):349–54. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X2020283-349-354 (in Russian).3.Lazarev A. V., Kizeev M. V., Kalininskaya A. A., Smirnov A. A. 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