Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot152210.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-4-815-821НеопределенThe actual issues of detection of risk factors and prevention of myocardium infarction in sailorsArestovaYu Aarestova5@mail.ruThe Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “The Admiral F. F. Ushakov State Maritime University”, 353924, Novorossiysk, Russia170820243242604202526042025Copyright © 2025,2025<p>In Russia, increases morbidity of myocardial infarction. The statistics of recent years demonstrate failure in meeting target indicators of national programs on reducing number of deaths from this disease. At that, able-bodied population is in high risk zone and their professional activity is under influence of large combination of risk factors of myocardial infarction. This risk area covers profession of seafarer that is characterized by irregular work schedule, high levels of stress and mental tension, low physical activity or, contrariwise, increased working loads, unbalanced diet, isotherm stress and interaction with harmful substances. Besides that, situation is aggravated by limited set of first medical aid measures at exacerbation of disease in view of remoteness from hospitalization centers. Thus, considering high mortality rate from myocardial infarction, it is extremely important for ship crews to have full and timely information about diagnostic, symptomatic and prevention of this disease.<br />The article examines statistics data of morbidity and mortality of myocardial infarction in population of the Russian Federation on the basis of Rosstat data and target indicators of the National project Health Care. The risk factors of myocardial infarction established by INTERHEART studies are analyzed. The specifics of work conditions of crew members of marine vessels are established. The collection of professional modifying risk factors was selected. The recommendations for their correction were developed to enhance efficiency of primary preventive measures and to decrease morbidity and mortality among seafarers.</p>coronary heart diseasemyocardial infarctionmorbiditymortalitystatisticstargetINTERHEARTrisk factorsseafarerdiagnosticpreventionfirst medical aidишемическая болезнь сердцаинфаркт миокардастатистика заболеваемости и смертностицелевые показателифакторы риска INTERHEARTпрофессиональные факторы риска инфаркта у моряковдиагностика и профилактикапервая медицинская помощь1.Menshikova I. G., Loskutova N. V., Sklyar I. V., Levanova T. V., Mironova O. A. Clinic, diagnosis, principles of treatment with the basics of physical rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction: textbook. Edited by Professor I. G. Menshikova. Blagoveshchensk; 2015. 178 p. (in Russian).2.Boitsov S. A., Shalnova S. A., Deev A. D. Mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation and possible mechanisms of its change. S. S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2018;118(8):98–103 (in Russian).3.Belenkov Yu. N. Cardiology: a textbook. Moscow; 2015 (in Russian).4.Goloshchapov-Aksenov R. S. The informativeness of risk factors in the prediction of myocardial infarction. Healthcare of the Russian Federation. 2019;63(2):60–5(in Russiuan).5.Matveeva S. A. Modern assessment of risk factors for coronary heart disease is the basis for the prevention of its complications. Clinical Medicine. 2012;(11):19–23 (in Russian).6.Novikova I. A., Khlynova O. V., Nekrutenko L. A. The profile of risk factors for myocardial infarction: focus on young age. Health risk analysis. 2021;(3):160–6 (in Russian).7.Bogachev R. S., Mikhailova L. V., Shcherbanev K. G., Yunusova F. G. Dynamics of mortality from myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation, the Northwestern Federal District and the Kaliningrad region over a 10-year period, from 2012 to 2021. Social aspects of public health. Electronic scientific journal. 2023;69(2). Available at: http://vestnik.mednet.ru/content/view/1461/30/lang,ru/ (accessed 25.02.2024) (in Russian).8.Botnariuk M. V., Timchenko T. N., Tonkonog V. V. Problematic aspects of providing medical care on board a ship to crew members. Problems of social hygiene, health care and the history of medicine. 2021;29(5):1125–31 (in Russian).9.Botnariuk M. V., Timchenko T. N. Digital technologies on board a ship as a measure to prevent health disorders of crew members. Problems of social hygiene, health care and the history of medicine. 2023;31(3):435–42 (in Russian).10.Timchenko T. N., Botnariuk M. V. Ensuring balanced nutrition on board a marine vessel as a measure to protect the health of crew members. Problems of social hygiene, health care and the history of medicine. 2024;32(1):68–74 (in Russian).11.Кonfino K. V. The influence of production factors on the health of crew members of the oil fleet. Problems of social hygiene, health care and the history of medicine. 2024;32(1):61–7 (in Russian).12.Szozda R., Procek M. Myocardial infarction as work-related accident: medical and legal problems. Med. Pr. 2002;53(3):273–7. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12369512/ (accessed 25.02.2024).13.Jaremin B., Kotulak E. Myocardial infarction (MI) at the work-site among Polish seafarers. The risk and the impact of occupational factors. Int. Marit. Health. 2003;54(1-4):26–39. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14974775/ (accessed 25.02.2024).14.Wójcik-Stasiak M., Jaremin B., Roberts S. E., Chodnik T. Sudden cardiac event on a sea-going ship and recognition of a work-related accident. Int. Marit. Health. 2011;62(2):110–5. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21910114/ (accessed 25.02.2024).15.Healthcare in Russia. 2023: Stat. sat. Moscow: Rosstat; 2023. 179 p. (in Russian).16.Passport of the national project “Healthcare” (approved by the Presidium of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Strategic Development and National Projects, Protocol No. 16 dated December 24, 2018). System GARANT. Available at: https://base.garant.ru/72185920 / (accessed 25.02.2024) (in Russian).17.Passport of the federal project “Fight against cardiovascular diseases”. Available at: https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/046/710/original/FP_Bor'ba_s_serdechno-sosudistymi_zabolevaniyami.pdf?1565344425 (accessed 01.03.2024) (in Russian).18.Kazakevich E. V., Serdechnaya E. V., Popov V. V. Myocardial infarction and sudden coronary death in sailors of the northern basin. Clinical Medicine. 1999;(11):19–21 (in Russian).