Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot144410.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-2-134-140НеопределенThe gender aspects of changes in mortality during COVID-19 pandemic as exemplified by MoscowSabgaidaT Ptsabgaida@mail.ruZubkoA Vzubko@mednet.ruEvdokushkinaG Nevdok@mednet.ruMuzykantovaN Nnatam9775@mail.ruThe Federal State Budget Institution “The Central Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Minzdrav of Russia”, 127254, Moscow, RussiaThe Institute of Demographic Studies of the Federal State Budget Institution “The Federal Research Sociological Center of The Russian Academy of Sciences”, 119333, Moscow, Russia180420243222004202520042025Copyright © 2025,2025<p>The mortality is a major component of damage caused by COVID-19. The comparative analysis of changes in mortality was carried out on the basis of the ROSSTAT data over 20122020 to determine differences in losses of male and female population caused by pandemic in Moscow. It is demonstrated that at close trends in mortality of males and females before pandemic, in 2020 their mortality changed differently. At equal increase of male and female mortality, main contribution into excess mortality (excluding contribution of COVID-19) was made approximately equally by diseases of nervous system and circulatory system in males and diseases of nervous system in females.<br />The male mortality from COVID-19 is 1.9 times higher than female mortality. As a result of younger average age of death the amount of economic losses in terms of years of potential life lost (PYLL) due to premature death of males because of COVID-19 exceeds economic losses due to premature death of females up to 2 times.<br />Although the average age of death of females from all causes decreased by smaller amount, their values of PYLL increased more, mainly due to higher rate of female mortality from disease of nervous system and from mortality related to drug addiction.<br />In Moscow, the highest increase of PYLL is conditioned by dearth related to drug addiction and alcohol consumption. In the structure of this indicator in males they are ranked fourth and fifth. In females, alcohol-related deaths are ranked as sixth and drug-related deaths as eighth.<br />The pandemic, contributing into increase in economic losses, didnt change their leading causes: diseases of circulatory system, external causes and neoplasms in males; neoplasms, diseases of circulatory system and external causes in females. The value of PYLL due to death from COVID-19 takes sixth place in males and fourth place in females.</p>structure of excess mortalitylost years of potential lifedrug-related deathalcohol-related deathaverage age at deathструктура избыточной смертностипотерянные годы потенциальной жизнисмерть, связанная с наркотикамисмерть, обусловленная алкоголемсредний возраст смерти1.Meng Y., Wu P., Lu W., Liu K., Ma K., Huang L., Cai J., Zhang H., Qin Y., Sun H., Ding W., Gui L., Wu P. Sex-specific clinical characteristics and prognosis of Coronavirus Disease-19 infection in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study of 168 severe patients. 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