Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of MedicineProblems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine0869-866X2412-2106Joint-Stock Company Chicot107410.32687/0869-866X-2022-30-s1-1135-1143Научная статьяModern features of fertility in lowand middle-income countries, including in the context of the COVID-19 pandemicTliashinovaI. A.-VolkovaO. A.-MingazovaE. N.elmira_mingazova@mail.ruN. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthResearch Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare DepartmentKazan State Medical University1511202230s11135114317112022Copyright © 2022,2022The main issues in the problem of fertility in countries with low and middle incomes of the population are the high prevalence of complications and maternal deaths during childbirth, as well as the high incidence of such indicators of the birth of an infant with low growth and weight indicators for their gestational age, malnutrition of pregnant women and mothers, frequent abortions, short intervals between births due to the educational status of the mother and the financial wealth of households, high prevalence of teenage motherhood, low availability of cesarean section, high cost of educating children as a factor in fertility. 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